Investigation the impact of parent`s smoking on Birth Weight (systematic review)

Investigation the impact of parent`s smoking on Birth Weight (systematic review)
Fatemeh Shamee,¹ Elahe Safari,^2,* Mahdi Ardakani,³
1. Member of Omid research group, School of Medicine, Mashhad Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
2. Member of Omid research group, School of nursery and midwifery, Mashhad Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
3. Member of Omid research group, School of Medicine, Mashhad Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
Introduction: Introduction: Birth weight is the body weight of a baby at its birth and low birth weight is a term used to describe babies who are born weighing less than 2,500 grams. Maternal conditions during pregnancy can affect fetal health and conditions such as birth weight. Cigarette smoke, whether active or inactive, can affect human and fetal health, so the aim of this study is to investigating the effect of parent’s smoking on birth weight.
Methods: Methods: This review article was performed within articles published at PubMed, Google Scholar, science direct and SID, from 2010 to 2019. The Key words were pregnancy, smoke, birth weight, parental, and their variations which were obtained from Mesh. By searching database, 41 articles were founded, 14 of them were not related with investigating and 7 of them by reading abstract were removed. One of the limitations was the lack of access to the full text of the articles.
Results: Results: Finally, 20 articles included in the study, all studies show significant decrease in the birth weight of neonatal in mothers smoking during pregnancy. In 10 articles which explaining the impact of father smoking during pregnancy on infant birth weight, 4 of them reported that it caused low birth weight while 6 of them don`t agree with this idea. In some of studies expressed, just being exposed to cigarette smoke can also affect the neonatal birth weight. Also, studies showed that the number of cigarettes per day effect on low birth weight.
Conclusion: Conclusions: It seems that women who smoke during pregnancy are expected to have low birth weight infants (LBW, & it; 2500g) which increases risk of infant mortality and morbidity. Little evidence is available regarding the effect of parental smoking on infant weight; therefore, it needs to be studied more. Pregnant women are advised not to smoke and also stay away from cigarette smoke to have normal birth weight infants.
Keywords: Keywords: Pregnancy, Smoke, Birth weight, Parental